WP5 will develop a multi‐model integrated environment to provide robust conceptualization of the major components of the N‐cycle in the subsurface. The models will represent flow and transport from field to recipient within the pilot areas.

Development includes:

• Advancement of methods to generate vadose and saturated zone model structures from geophysical and other data
• Root zone and groundwater models to predict N‐output to recipients
• Tools for optimizing data sampling and on‐farm practices

The tools will be used to optimize data sampling and farming practice at studied sites to reduce environmental impacts from agriculture while maintaining an effective production